Background: Recurrent dislocation patella is a disorder with a complex etiology and can be a disabling condition. Management of patients with this condition has improved owing to our increased knowledge of the functional anatomy of the patello femoral joint. The treatment goal is to find the most accurate, least invasive method, and this involves sorting through the many structural and functional factors leading to extensor mechanism mal alignment and dysfunction. Objective: It is a prospective study analyzing of the Functional outcome of patients with recurrent dislocation patella treated with arthroscopic lateral retinacular release. Methods: A prospective study was conducted in patients undergoing arthroscopic lateral retinacular release for recurrent dislocation patella between 11/2015 and 10/2016 at Malla Reddy Narayana hospital, Suraram X roads, Hyderabad. 27 patients were operated, by a single surgeon & 24 patients were available for study. All patients were followed up for a period of 1 year post lateral retinacular release by a single observer using the subjective knee evaluation part of International knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Form and Tegner Activity Scale. Results: There was significant improvement in functional outcome in patints. 7 knees (27%) were rated subjectively as excellent, 15 knees (57.7%) as good, 3 knees (11.5%) as fair, and 01(3.8%) as poor. Conclusion: Lateral retinacular release can give a significant improvement in functional outcome in patients with recurrent dislocation patella provided the patient selection is good, and the technique is meticulously followed. The limitation of the study is the small number of patients and short term follow up.

Background: For effective control of vector borne diseases, it is important that transmission of vector borne diseases should be understood properly and this understanding helps in appropriate prevention and control of vector borne diseases. Understanding role of other factors like environment, climate, urbanization etc is also of paramount importance. Objective: To study the distribution of vector borne diseases in urban dominated Ranga Reddy District Methods: Data has been collected with regard to three vector born diseases, namely malaria, dengue, and Chikungunya. Data has been collected with regard to three vector born diseases, namely Malaria, Dengue and Chikungunya as to their incidence from the district authorities for the period between 2014. Data is collected from 30 PHCs, 5 under process. Data for 2016 is related exclusively to dengue and for the sake of comparison data pertaining to dengue in 2015 is also collected PHC wise. Results: PF refers to plasmodium falciparum species of malaria mostly in urban and some in rural areas where as plasmodium vivax present in urban rural area causing malaria. Data in the table with regard to malaria shows 2014, malaria positive 32 and 36 in 2015 slightly increases, and in 2016 malaria positives 37, and in 2017 decreased to 23 and in 2017 decreases by 21. Regarding blood samples in 296956 and decreased by 154270 and up to September 146543. Conclusion: A common/uniform strategy to combat the menace of seasonal and vector-borne diseases to ensure good health needs a reoriented mould. Area specific interventions suited to the geographical surroundings and socio-economic and cultural conditions of the people are to be designed for which all the stake holders are to be involved.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and Bronchial Asthma are the major causes of pulmonary disability. These diseases are characterized by airway obstruction. However, there are many differences between the two diseases with respect to their pathogenesis, pathophysiology, response to therapy and prognosis Objective: To study the correlation between Clinical symptoms and Forced Expiratory Volume in first second (FEVi) in patients of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and Bronchial asthma. Methods: 50 patients with a diagnosis of COPD and 50 patients of Bronchial asthma attending the outpatient department or admitted in the wards/ICU of Chalmeda Anand Rao Institute of Medical Sciences were examined and data collected on a pretested proforma. Results: In Bronchial asthma, patients mean age was 33.3 ± 14.1 and majority (57%) were males. Mean FEV₁ pre bronchodilator was 1.97±0.82 litre, Mean FEV₁ post bronchodilator was 2.54 ± 0.86 litres. In COPD patients, mean age was 64 ± 6.5 years and 87% were males. Mean FEV₁ pre bronchodilator was 1.15 ±0.47 litres and mean FEV₁ post bronchodilator was 1.24 ± 0.47 litres. Conclusion: In Bronchial asthma, there was a trend towards significance between subjective wheeze & FEV₁, but there was no statistically significant relation between total symptom score and FEV₁. In COPD patients, the single symptom approaching significant correlation with FEV1 was dyspnea.

Background: Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament [ACL] reconstruction is very commonly done procedure in recent times. The graft fixation methods vary from aperture fixation [Interference screws] to suspensory fixation methods [Endobutton]. Objective: To compare the functional outcome between interference screw and endobutton fixation on femur in arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction Methods: Two groups of 10 patients who underwent autogenous hamstring ACL reconstruction with a minimum of 1 year follow up evaluation were included in the study. The aperture fixation group underwent interference screw fixation at both femoral and tibial tunnels. The suspensory fixation group underwent endobutton fixation on the femoral side and biointerference screw on tibial side. Both group patients were examined prior to surgery and at 3 months, 6 months and 1 year. They were compared for functional outcome with Tegner Lysholm knee score. Results: There was significant improvement in functional outcome in both the groups for base and at 3 months, also for 3 months and 6 months but for 6 months to 1 year Group 2 is almost significant. Conclusion: In our prospective study of comparison of functional outcomes between aperture fixation and suspensory fixation on femur in arthroscopic ACL reconstruction which were evaluated by using Tegner Lysholm knee score over a period of 1 year, suspensory fixation was found to be better. However, further long term studies involving large series of cases would throw more light on this information.

Tuberculosis of esophagus is rare, studies estimate that it constitutes about 0.3% of gastrointestinal TB cases and is usually secondary to tuberculosis focus elsewhere in the body, most commonly pulmonary tuberculosis. We report a case of tuberculosis of esophagus in a 50 year old male secondary to mediastinal lymph nodes for which we treated him conservatively with antitubercular drugs. The patient shows significant clinical improvement with decrease in dysphagia and odynophagia and weight gain as well as complete resolution of symptoms.

Complete bowel obstruction caused by an internal hernia is rare non-obstetric cause of abdominal pain. Delay in diagnosis, due to non-specific signs and symptoms, present in normal pregnancy, and reluctance to operate on the pregnant patient leads to fatal outcome including fetal loss.

Pachyonychia congenita, a rare group of genodermatoses, is a disorder of keratinization, characterized mainly bynail hypertrophy and dyskeratoses of skin and mucous membranes. Four types have been described depending upon the genes involved and the presenting features. Various other features have been described in association with pachyonychia congenita. We hereby present a rare association of pachyonychia congenita with vitiligo, wherein only one such case has been recorded till date.