MRIMS Journal of Health Sciences

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Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) has been haunting humanity for decades. Even with the existing treatment modalities and preventive measures, it continues to be among the top 10 killers in the world. India had 2.69 million cases in the year 2018, with 440,000 deaths due to TB alone. Hence, in this scenario, the knowledge of the health-care providers play a crucial role in the efforts of the Stop TB strategy of the National TB Elimination Program. This study aims to assess baseline knowledge and impact of TB sensitization program among nurses, interns, and postgraduate students in a Medical College Hospital in Karnataka. Materials and Methods: The methodology involved a questionnaire to assess the baseline knowledge of the participants of the RNTCP sensitization program. The same was repeated after completion of the program. Analysis: Data were entered into excel spreadsheets and analyzed using SPSS software. Proportions and paired t-test were used to assess the impact of the training on the participants. Results: The mean baseline knowledge among nurses, interns, and postgraduate students was 38.02%, 30.61%, and 34.04%, which improved by 40%, 57%, and 60%, respectively, after the training program. Conclusions: A highly significant (P < 0.001) difference was found in the pretest and posttest scores of the nurses, interns, and postgraduate students, indicating that training increased the knowledge scores of the Health Care Workers (HCW's) significantly. Hence, regular trainings are recommended to keep the HCWs updated on TB facts and strategies in the country.

Background: Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) have been a worrying factor among the tropical and subtropical parts of the world which include diseases such as dengue, malaria, chikungunya, and Japanese encephalitis wherein mosquitoes acts as vectors, transmitting the disease-causing pathogen. Dengue which spreads through mosquitoes belonging to the Genus Aedes has been on the rise for the past few years in the Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation (GHMC) limits. While the symptoms range from mild-to-escalated complications such as hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome, there is no antiviral therapy currently in use. Symptomatic and supportive treatment is the key for the treatment of dengue patients. Objective: This research article attempts to track the malaria and dengue incidence over the years, To track the malaria and dengue incidence over the years, more specifically the last 5 years across the GHMC limits. Materials and Methods: Data on the dengue and malaria cases over the years are usually gathered and preserved by the Health and Entomology Departments of GHMC Head Office. Data of its incidence for the past 10 years, especially taking note of the previous 5 years, from 2014 to June 2020, were collected from these sources and analyzed, using basic statistical techniques. Results: Within the GHMC limits, there has been a significant drop in the number of malaria cases, but dengue cases rose to an alarming level (3366 cases in 2019). Based on the disease incidence, dengue hotspot areas have been marked so as to effectively take up vector control interventions by using both workforce as well as latest technology (internet of things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI)). Conclusion: Consistent efforts in a structured way should be made to control the mosquito population, coupling it with community compliance and awareness among the masses on keeping the environment clean and hygienic.

The Internship in Medical Education is one of the vital and important time during this medical knowledge gets transformation into the practice. The opportunities make you learn and that experience is the worth sharing. Learning opportunities come in front of medical student in many ways, ultimately taught many aspects of practice medicine.

Background: Apart from the risk of morbidity and mortality from osteoarthritis, it has been noted that resources of the health care and the increased costs of the health care are consumed by the osteoarthritis. Studies are required on the clinical profile of patients with osteoarthritis which focus on different clinicoepidemiological characteristics, identifying risk groups in different settings. Objective: The present study was carried out to study the clinical profile of patients with osteoarthritis at a tertiary care hospital. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out over a period of 1 year among 170 confirmed cases of osteoarthritis. Detailed history, thorough clinical examination, necessary investigations, and X-ray of the affected joint were taken in all cases. Data were analyzed using proportions. Chi-square test was applied. Results: Females were more than males. The most commonly affected age group was 70–80 years in 35.3% of the cases. A linear trend is seen as per the age group with the least prevalence of osteoarthritis in the age group of 40–49 years, i.e., 12.9%–35.3% in the age group of 70–80 years. Most commonly involved were the small joints in 52.4% of the cases, followed by the knee joint in 38.8% of the cases and other joints in 8.8% of the cases. The most common occupation affected was laborer in 41.8% of the cases, followed by civil construction workers in 22.9% of the cases, supervisors in 20% of the cases, and executives in 17.6% of the cases. Conclusion: Osteoarthritis was more common in Females than males. Osteoarthritis was more common in the elderly age group and laborers. Small joints were more commonly affected than the large joints.

Bernard–Soulier syndrome (BSS) is a rare autosomal recessive disease with bleeding diathesis due to platelet dysfunction secondary to the absence of the von Willebrand factor receptor on the platelet surface called glycoprotein Ib–V–IX. The deficiency results in prolonged bleeding time and spontaneous bleeds and may be with high risk for anesthesia and surgery. Here, we report a case of BSS coming for trabeculectomy.

The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has produced a massive impact on the global health sector and the economy of the nation and accounted for the loss of quality of life of millions of people across the world. The way China and South Korea have succeeded in flattening the curve of the disease, we hope that the same would be replicated even in other nations. However, the situation went so much out of hand that the national leaders had to implement very strong measures, including imposing a strict lockdown. Moreover, it is vital to understand that such kind of social restrictions will not result in the containment of the infection forever. In reality, these are just strategies to delay the spread of the infection. In conclusion, the social restriction has given a second opportunity for the public health authorities to implement targeted measures to promote early detection, wide testing, isolation, treatment, and contact tracing within their nations. This will be the best approach to reduce the caseload and interrupt the chain of transmission of COVID-19.

Online since 5^th November 2020